I mean lots of qns just wouldn't be worded that way and we don't know if the kids got any questions right. Also, the questions aren't what we are taught in modern English schools making the whole exercise rather futile.
I've studied education and seen a lot of exam papers, what you say is definitely the defining feature of almost every occasion when people try and make one set look stupid compared to another. When you're taught with those exams in mind it narrows down the gap to almost nothing almost all of the time.
I'd say in terms of intellectual rigour overall this is probably equivalent to GCSE, and as it was aimed at pupils slightly younger than that it might be fair to say it's a 'a bit' harder than what we might see now, but not by much and you'd have a lot more quantity at GCSE level so it could even be argued that it's roughly equivalent.
I don't know about the current US system, they might have a fair point where that's concerned
The current system is an absolute joke and has been for years. Pity because intelligent kids get lost in the net as much as kids who need help.